Yellow Head Wrasse (Halichoeres garnoti)

The Yellow Head Wrasse (Halichoeres garnoti), also known as the Yellowhead Wrasse or Cortez Rainbow Wrasse, is a strikingly colorful marine fish that adds a vibrant touch to any saltwater aquarium. Originating from the Western Atlantic, including the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, this species is known for its dynamic coloration and lively behavior, making it a favorite among marine aquarium enthusiasts.

Scientific Name: Halichoeres garnoti
Common Names: Yellow Head Wrasse, Cortez Rainbow Wrasse
Family: Labridae
Care Level: Easy to Moderate
Temperament: Peaceful
Reef Safe: With Caution
Diet: Carnivore
Max Size: Up to 8 inches
Lifespan: 5-7 years

Appearance: The Yellow Head Wrasse undergoes a remarkable transformation as it matures. Juveniles are typically bright yellow with a distinctive blue stripe running from the snout through the eye to the tail. Adults exhibit a vibrant combination of blue, green, and yellow hues, with a characteristic yellow head that gives this wrasse its common name. Their elongated bodies and continuous dorsal fin contribute to their elegant and dynamic swimming patterns.

Habitat and Behavior: In the wild, Yellow Head Wrasses inhabit coral reefs and rocky areas, where they dart among the corals and rocks in search of food. They are active swimmers and require ample space to explore. In the aquarium, they appreciate a tank with plenty of live rock for hiding and foraging. A tank size of at least 75 gallons is recommended to accommodate their active nature and potential growth.

Diet: Yellow Head Wrasses are carnivorous and have a hearty appetite. In the aquarium, they thrive on a varied diet that includes high-quality marine flakes, pellets, and frozen foods such as brine shrimp, mysis shrimp, and finely chopped seafood. Supplementing their diet with live foods can enhance their coloration and overall health.

Care Requirements:

• Tank Size: Minimum 75 gallons
• Water Parameters:
  • Temperature: 72-78°F
  • pH: 8.1-8.4
  • Specific Gravity: 1.020-1.025
  • dKH: 8-12
• Aquascaping: Provide plenty of live rock for hiding and foraging, along with open swimming spaces.
• Lighting: Moderate to bright lighting to mimic their natural habitat.
• Compatibility: Generally peaceful but may become territorial towards smaller fish or invertebrates. Exercise caution when housing with small shrimp or other small invertebrates, as they might be seen as food.

Breeding: Breeding Yellow Head Wrasses in captivity is challenging and not commonly achieved. They are protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning they can change sex from female to male. In the wild, males typically dominate harems of females, a behavior that is difficult to replicate in home aquariums.

The Yellow Head Wrasse is a stunning and active addition to a marine aquarium, captivating hobbyists with its vivid colors and energetic presence. While relatively easy to care for, they do require a well-maintained environment and a balanced diet to thrive. With proper care, these vibrant fish can become a focal point of any saltwater setup, delighting both novice and experienced aquarists alike.

Water Parameters for Yellow Head Wrasse:

• Temperature: 72-78°F
• pH: 8.1-8.4
• Specific Gravity: 1.020-1.025
• dKH: 8-12